[527] | M Riegler, Mathias Lux, Ch Kofler, Frame the Crowd: Global Visual Features Labeling boosted with Crowdsourcing Information, In MediaEval 2013 - Multimedia Benchmark Workshop (M Larson, X Anguera, T Reuter, G Jones, B Ionescu, M Schedl, T Piatrik, C Hauff, M Soleymani, eds.), CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Barcelona, Spain, pp. -, 2013.
[bib][url] [abstract]
Abstract: In this paper we present our approach to the Crowd Sourcing Task of the MediaEval 2013 Benchmark [2] using transfer learning and visual features. For the visual features we adopt an existing approach for search based classification using content based image retrieval on global features with feature selection and feature combination to boost the performance. Our approach gives a baseline evaluation indicating the usefulness of global visual features, hashing and search-based classification.
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[526] | Stefan Rass, Benjamin Rainer, Matthias Vavti, Stefan Schauer, A Network Modeling and Analysis Tool for Perfectly Secure Communication, In The 27th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA-2013) (Lisa O'Conner, ed.), IEEE, BARCELONA, Spain, pp. 267-275, 2013.
[bib] [abstract]
Abstract: Secure communication is often based on encryption thus hinges on (public-key) infrastructures that handle all the key-management. This inevitably requires human intervention, thus creating a rather vulnerable point in the system. So it appears desirable to automate key-management tasks to the widest possible extent. In this work, we report on a software implementation of secure multipath transmission. Our system takes a network infrastructure model as input and determines the maximal achievable security for a communication between a chosen sender and receiver, while handling all key-management transparently for the user. The security is information-theoretic, and unlike public-key or symmetric cryptography does neither hinge on computational intractability nor empirical evidence. More importantly, security can be measured in quantitative terms, thus making the results useful in enterprise risk management. Our software computes the risk for a given transmission under multipath transmission and generates simple OmNet++ models to demonstrate the channel construction as practically doable and to measure the additional network overhead. This is for a-priori decision-support and practical guidance for an installation of secure multipath transmission as a high-security transmission service within the enterprise network.
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[525] | Benjamin Rainer, Christian Timmerer, Markus Waltl, Recommendations for the Subjective Evaluation of Sensory Experience, In 4th International Workshop on Perceptual Quality of Systems 2013 (PQS 2013) (Raimund Schatz, ed.), IEEE, Vienna, Austria, pp. 1-6, 2013.
[bib] [abstract]
Abstract: Selecting and adopting the appropriate assessment method for conducting subjective quality assessments is a challenging task. The method decides whether the assessment is successful in delivering the correct answers to previously set up hypotheses. Therefore, in this paper we provide recommendations on test methods used in the domain of Sensory Experience. The proposed test methods comprise single stimulus and double stimulus methods. These test methods were used in previous studies and are presented in combination with the results of the subjective quality assessments with which they were used. Furthermore, we briefly outline our test setup, test design, and test content for assessing Sensory Experience which have been validated through conducted assessments.
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[524] | Benjamin Rainer, Christian Timmerer, Adaptive Media Playout for Inter-Destination Media Synchronization, In Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX'13) (Christian Timmerer, Patrick Le Callet, Martin Varela, Stefan Winkler, Tiago H Falk, eds.), IEEE, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp. 44-45, 2013.
[bib][url] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: Synchronizing multimedia playback among geographically distributed clients is a challenging task and is referred to as Inter-Destination Media Synchronization (IDMS). In this paper we discuss the uses cases of IDMS as identified within the SocialSensor Project and based on these use cases we derive a novel Adaptive Media Playout (AMP) scheme which aims on carrying out the process of synchronizing the media playback at the clients to a given synchronization point. We propose how visual and acoustic features can be used to achieve a QoE-aware and context-aware AMP scheme.
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[523] | Benjamin Rainer, Markus Waltl, Christian Timmerer, A Web based Subjective Evaluation Platform, In Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX'13) (Christian Timmerer, Patrick Le Callet, Martin Varela, Stefan Winkler, Tiago H Falk, eds.), IEEE, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp. 24-25, 2013.
[bib][url] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: Preparing and conducting subjective quality assessments is a time consuming and expensive task. Therefore, we present a Web-based evaluation framework which aims on reducing the time needed for planning and designing a subjective quality assessment. The presented framework can be used for both crowdsourced and laboratory experiments. It should ease the task of designing a subjective quality assessment by providing a flexible framework. The framework has proven its applicability and flexibility to design and conduct assessments in the past and is available as open source.
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[522] | Christian Raffelsberger, Hermann Hellwagner, A Hybrid MANET-DTN Routing Scheme For Emergency Response Scenarios, In Proceedings of the Eleventh IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PerCom Workshops '13) (Jadwiga Indulska, Chatschik Bisdikian, eds.), IEEE, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp. 505-510, 2013.
[bib] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: Emergency response operations are a promising application area for mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). Most existing MANET routing protocols assume that an end-toend path between source and destination can be established. However, this assumption may not hold in a hastily formed network established during an emergency response. This paper evaluates a store-and-forward mechanism for proactive routing protocols to mitigate the effects of network disruptions. The mechanism is integrated into two routing protocols. The modified protocols are evaluated in an emergency response scenario that includes a disaster area mobility model and a wireless obstacle model. The scenario represents a realistic first responder operation after an incident in a chemical facility. The evaluation results show that networks for disaster responses benefit from the modified routing protocols.
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[521] | Christian Raffelsberger, Hermann Hellwagner, Overview of Hybrid MANET-DTN Networking and its Potential for Emergency Response Operations, In Proceedings of the Combined workshop on Self-organizing, Adaptive, and Context-Sensitive Distributed Systems and Self-organized Communication in Disaster Scenarios (SACS/SoCoDiS '13) (Michael Zapf, Florian Evers, eds.), Electronic Communications of the EASST (ECEASST), Berlin, Germany, pp. 1 -12, 2013.
[bib] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: Communication networks for emergency response operations have to operate in harsh environments. As fixed infrastructures may be unavailable (e.g., they are destroyed or overloaded), mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) are a promising solution to establish communication for emergency response operations. However, networks for emergency responses may provide diverse connectivity characteristics which imposes some challenges, especially on routing. Routing protocols need to take transmission errors, node failures and even the partitioning of the network into account. Thus, there is a need for routing algorithms that provide mechanisms from Delay or Disruption Tolerant Networking (DTN) in order to cope with network disruptions but at the same time are as efficient as MANET routing schemes in order to preserve network resources. This paper reviews several hybrid MANET-DTN routing schemes that can be found in the literature. Additionally, the paper evaluates a realistic emergency response scenario and shows that MANET-DTN routing schemes have the potential to improve network performance as the resulting network is diverse in terms of connectivity. In particular, the network provides well-connected regions whereas other parts are only intermittently connected.
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[520] | Kjell Brunnström, Sergio Ariel Beker, Katrien De Moor, Ann Dooms, Sebastian Egger, Marie-Neige Garcia, Tobias Hossfeld, Satu Jumisko-Pyykkö, Christian Keimel, Mohamed-Chaker Larabi, Bob Lawlor, Patrick Le Callet, Sebastian Möller, Fernando Pereira, Manuela Pereira, Andrew Perkis, Jesenka Pibernik, Antonio Pinheiro, Alexander Raake, Peter Reichl, Ulrich Reiter, Raimund Schatz, Peter Schelkens, Lea Skorin-Kapov, Dominik Strohmeier, Christian Timmerer, Martin Varela, Ina Wechsung, Junyong You, Andrej Zgank, QUALINET White Paper on Definitions of Quality of Experience, Technical report, QUALINET, Lausanne, Switzerland, pp. 24, 2013.
[bib] [pdf] |
[519] | Manfred Jürgen Primus, Klaus Schoeffmann, Laszlo Böszörmenyi, Segmentation of Recorded Endoscopic Videos by Detecting Significant Motion Changes, In 11th International Workshop on Content-Based Multimedia Indexing (Laszlo Czuni, ed.), IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp. 223-228, 2013.
[bib] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: In the medical domain it has become common to store recordings of endoscopic surgeries or procedures. The storage of these endoscopic videos provides not only evidence of the work of the surgeons but also facilitates research, the training of new surgeons and supports explanations to the patients. However, an endoscopic video archive, where tens or hundreds of new videos are added each day, needs content-based analysis in order to provide content-based search. A fundamental first step in content analysis is the segmentation of the video. We propose a new method for segmentation of endoscopic videos, based on spatial and temporal differences of motion in these videos. Through an evaluation with 20 videos we show that our approach provides reasonable performance.
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[518] | Daniel Posch, Hermann Hellwagner, Peter Schartner, On-Demand Video Streaming based on Dynamic Adaptive Encrypted Content Chunks, In Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Secure Network Protocols (NPSec' 13) (Jun Li, Olaf Maennel, eds.), IEEE, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp. 6, 2013.
[bib] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: This paper proposes a framework for on-demand video streaming that enables secure and efficient delivery of data towards the end user. Our proposal requires the combined usage of three different technologies. The first one is a recent proposal by Jacobsen et al. called Content-Centric Networking (also known as Named Data Networking). It is a network architecture that introduces named data as the most valuable element in the network and divides it into so called content chunks, which are self-identifying and self-authenticating data units. The second concept we utilize derives from the approach of Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP, which allows clients to dynamically choose the quality of the received video stream according to their available resources. Finally, we adapt the concept of Broadcast Encryption to form a tool to control the access to provided content streams. The combination of these technologies enables us to design a framework that allows streaming providers to transport data to customers as dynamic adaptive encrypted content chunks, which is an efficient, flexible and scalable way of multimedia data transport.
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[517] | Daniela Pohl, Abdelhamid Bouchachia, Hermann Hellwagner, Social Media for Crisis Management: Clustering Approaches for Sub-Event Detection, In Multimedia Tools and Applications, Springer US, Springer, NY, US, pp. 1-32, 2013.
[bib] |
[516] | Daniela Pohl, Abdelhamid Bouchachia, Financial Time Series Processing: A Roadmap of Online and Offline Methods, Chapter in Business Intelligence and Performance Management (Peter Rausch, Alaa F Sheta, Aladdin Ayesh, eds.), Springer London, London, UK, pp. 145-162, 2013.
[bib] |
[515] | Daniela Pohl, Abdelhamid Bouchachia, Hermann Hellwagner, Supporting Crisis Management via Detection of Sub-Events in Social Networks, In International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (IJISCRAM), IGI Global, vol. 5, no. 3, Hershey, PA, USA, pp. 20-36, 2013.
[bib] |
[514] | Daniela Pohl, Abdelhamid Bouchachia, Hermann Hellwagner, Online Processing of Social Media Data for Emergency Management, In 12th International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (Gheorghe Tecuci, Mihai Boicu, Miroslav Kubat, eds.), IEEE, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp. 1-6, 2013.
[bib] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: Social media offers an opportunity for emergency management to identify issues that need immediate reaction. To support the effective use of social media, an analysis approach is needed to identify crisis-related hotspots. We consider in this investigation the analysis of social media (i.e., Twitter, Flickr and YouTube) to support emergency management by identifying sub-events. Sub-events are significant hotspots that are of importance for emergency management tasks. Aiming at sub-event detection, recognition and tracking, the data is processed online in real-time. We introduce an incremental feature selection mechanism to identify meaningful terms and use an online clustering algorithm to uncover sub-events on-the-fly. Initial experiments are based on tweets enriched with Flickr and YouTube data collected during Hurricane Sandy. They show the potential of the proposed approach to monitor sub-events for real-world emergency situations.
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[513] | Bernd Münzer, Klaus Schoeffmann, Laszlo Böszörmenyi, Relevance Segmentation of Laparoscopic Videos, In IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (ISM2013) (Anthony Y H Liao, ed.), IEEE, Anaheim, CA, USA, pp. 84-91, 2013.
[bib] [abstract]
Abstract: In recent years, it became common to record video footage of laparoscopic surgeries. This leads to large video archives that are very hard to manage. They often contain a considerable portion of completely irrelevant scenes which waste storage capacity and hamper an efficient retrieval of relevant scenes. In this paper we (1) define three classes of irrelevant segments, (2) propose visual feature extraction methods to obtain irrelevance indicators for each class and (3) present an extensible framework to detect irrelevant segments in laparoscopic videos. The framework includes a training component that learns a prediction model using nonlinear regression with a generalized logistic function and a segment composition algorithm that derives segment boundaries from the fuzzy frame classifications. The experimental results show that our method performs very good both for the classification of individual frames and the detection of segment boundaries in videos and enables considerable storage space savings.
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[512] | Bernd Münzer, Klaus Schoeffmann, Laszlo Böszörmenyi, Improving Encoding Efficiency of Endoscopic Videos by using Circle Detection based Border Overlays, In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME) 2013 (Xenophon Zabulis, ed.), IEEE, San Jose, USA, pp. 1-4, 2013.
[bib] [doi] [abstract]
Abstract: Videos of endoscopic procedures typically feature a circular content area in the image center. This area is surrounded by a dark border that carries no relevant information but is subject to noise. Thus, a considerable proportion of the available bitrate has to be wasted to encode the border regions. We propose to superimpose the border regions with a homogenous black mask so that it can be encoded efficiently with skipped macroblocks. To determine the exact position and size of the circular content area we use an efficient circle detection algorithm. Through an evaluation with 138 videos we show that the border overlay can significantly reduce the bitrate without degrading the visual quality of the content area.
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[511] | Bernd Münzer, Klaus Schoeffmann, Laszlo Böszörmenyi, Detection of Circular Content Area in Endoscopic Videos, In 26th International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (CBMS'13) (Paolo Soda, ed.), IEEE, Porto, Portugal, pp. 534-536, 2013.
[bib] [doi] [abstract]
Abstract: The actual content of endoscopic videos is typically limited to a circular area in the image center. This area has a dynamic position and size and is surrounded by a dark, but noisy border. In this paper we present a novel algorithm that (1) classifies which frames of an endoscopic video feature the circular content area and (2) determines its exact position and size, if present. This information is very useful for improving the performance of subsequent analysis techniques. It can also be used for more efficient video encoding and economic printing of still images in findings and reports. The evaluation shows that the proposed method is very accurate, robust and efficient in terms of runtime.
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[510] | Christopher Mueller, Stefan Lederer, Jörg Pöcher, Christian Timmerer, libdash – An Open Source Software Library for the MPEG-DASH Standard, In In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME) 2013 (Antonio Servetti, Alatan Aydin, eds.), IEEE, San Jose, USA, pp. 1-2, 2013.
[bib] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) is an ISO/IEC MPEG standard which enables the convenient and smooth transportation of multimedia data to heterogeneous end devices over networks with variable bandwidth conditions. This kind of streaming technology is mainly used with HTTP 1.0 and 1.1 respectively, which both have some drawbacks. Therefore, the IETF has started the development of HTTP 2.0, which is based on Google’s SPDY proposal and already supported by several major companies, e.g., Facebook, Twitter, Akamai, Mozilla and obviously Google. Furthermore, Content Centric Networking (CCN) is another novel approach for future networks that is considered as an revolutionary approach compared to HTTP 2.0. The CCN communication paradigm is completely different and does not rely on direct connections between hosts, it rather focuses on the content. This paper demonstrates DASH with HTTP 2.0/SPDY and CCN using our universal libdash library. Moreover, different mechanisms of DASH will be shown that can be used to provide on-demand and live content in an efficient and comfortable way.
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[509] | Christopher Mueller, Stefan Lederer, Christian Timmerer, Fair Share Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP, In IEEE Multimedia Communications Technical Committee E-Letter, IEEE Communications Society [online], vol. 8, no. 2, New York, NY, USA, pp. 30-33, 2013.
[bib][url] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: Multimedia delivery over the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is currently very popular and with MPEGs' Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) a standard is available to provide interoperability and enable large-scale deployments using existing infrastructures (servers, proxies, caches, etc.). This paper identifies some issue when multiple DASH clients compete for a bandwidth bottleneck when transparent proxy caches are deployed. Therefore, we propose a fair share adaptation scheme to be included within the client which – through experimental results – achieve a more efficient utilization of the bottleneck bandwidth and less quality switches.
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[508] | Christopher Mueller, Stefan Lederer, Christian Timmerer, Hermann Hellwagner, Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP/2.0, In In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME) 2013 (Jin Li, ed.), IEEE, San Jose, USA, pp. 1-6, 2013.
[bib] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: MPEG Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) is a new streaming standard that has been recently ratified as an international standard (IS). In comparison to other streaming systems, e.g., HTTP progressive download, DASH is able to handle varying bandwidth conditions providing smooth streaming. Furthermore, it enables NAT and Firewall traversal, flexible and scalable deployment as well as reduced infrastructure costs due to the reuse of existing Internet infrastructure components, e.g., proxies, caches, and Content Distribution Networks (CDN). Recently, the Hypertext Transfer Protocol Bis (httpbis) working group of the IETF has officially started the development of HTTP 2.0. Initially three major proposals have been submitted to the IETF i.e., Googles' SPDY, Microsofts' HTTP Speed+Mobility and Network-Friendly HTTP Upgrade, but SPDY has been chosen as working draft for HTTP 2.0. In this paper we implemented MPEG-DASH over HTTP 2.0 (i.e., SPDY), demonstrating its potential benefits and drawbacks. Moreover, several experimental evaluations have been performed that compare HTTP 2.0 with HTTP 1.1 and HTTP 1.0 in the context of DASH. In particular, the protocol overhead, the performance for different round trip times, and DASH with HTTP 2.0 in a lab test scenario has been evaluated in detail.
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[507] | Oge Marques, Justyn Snyder, Mathias Lux, How Well Do You Know Tom Hanks?: Using a Game to Learn About Face Recognition, In CHI '13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (W Mackay, St Brewster, S Bodker, eds.), ACM, New York, USA, pp. 337-342, 2013.
[bib][url] [doi] [abstract]
Abstract: Human face recognition abilities vastly outperform computer-vision algorithms working on comparable tasks, especially in the case of poor lighting, bad image quality, or partially hidden faces. In this paper, we describe a novel game with a purpose in which players must guess the name of a celebrity whose face appears blurred. The game combines a successful casual game paradigm with meaningful applications in both human- and computer-vision science. Preliminary user studies were conducted with 28 users and more than 7,000 game rounds. The results supported and extended pre-existing knowledge and hypotheses from controlled scientific experiments, which show that humans are remarkably good at recognizing famous faces, even with a significant degree of blurring. Our results will be further incorporated into research in human vision as well as machine-learning and computer-vision algorithms for face recognition.
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[506] | Mathias Lux, Michael Riegler, Annotation of Endoscopic Videos on Mobile Devices: A Bottom-up Approach, In Proceedings of the 4th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference (C Griwodz, ed.), ACM, New York, NY, USA, pp. 141-145, 2013.
[bib][url] [doi] [abstract]
Abstract: Video annotation is a tedious task. But especially in medical domain the knowledge of experts for the interpretation of videos is of high value. Typically medical doctors do not have time for extensive annotation, but are used to manual notes, speech recordings, and pointing. In this demo paper we present an application for annotation of medical videos, focusing on endoscopic surgery. We adopt common interaction method of medical experts to mobile computing and provide a tool for experts to annotate videos by drawing on the video and recording speech annotations.
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[505] | Mathias Lux, An Interview with Aljosa Smolic, In ACM SIGMultimedia Records, ACM, vol. 5, no. 3, New York, USA, pp. 4-5, 2013.
[bib][url] [doi] [abstract]
Abstract: Dr. Aljosa Smolic joined Disney Research Zürich, Switzerland in 2009, as Senior Research Scientist and Head of the "Advanced Video Technology" group. Before he was Scientific Project Manager at the Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich- Hertz-Institut (HHI), Berlin, also heading a research group. He has been involved in several national and international research projects, where he conducted research in various fields of video processing, video coding, computer vision and computer graphics and published more than 100 refereed papers in these fields. In current projects he is responsible for research in 2D video, 3D video and free viewpoint video processing and coding.
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[504] | Mathias Lux, User Intentions in Multimedia Information Systems and Retrieval, Self published, Klagenfurt, AT, pp. pp. 207, 2013.
[bib] [abstract]
Abstract: How to build better multimedia information systems? Management and organization of multimedia data has become easier thanks to the wide availability of metadata as well as advances in content-based image retrieval (CBIR); these advances, however, do not address what matters the most: the actual users of multimedia information systems. The goals and aims of users, i.e., their intentions, need to be put into focus in some creative way. This talk introduces the very notion of user intentions in multimedia information systems and discusses challenges and approaches in this new topic.
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[503] | Mathias Lux, LIRE: Open Source Image Retrieval in Java, In Proceedings of the 21st ACM International Conference on Multimedia (A Jaimes, N Sebe, N Boujemaa, D Gatica-Perez, DA Shamma, M Worring, R Zimmermann, eds.), ACM, New York, NY, USA, pp. 843-846, 2013.
[bib][url] [doi] [abstract]
Abstract: Content based image retrieval has been around for some time. There are lots of different test data sets, lots of published methods and techniques, and manifold retrieval challenges, where content based image retrieval is of interest. LIRE is a Java library, that provides a simple way to index and retrieve millions of images based on the images' contents. LIRE is robust and well tested and is not only recommended by the websites of ImageCLEF and MediaEval, but is also employed in industry. This paper gives an overview on LIRE, its use, capabilities and reports on retrieval and runtime performance.
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