[23] | Christian Timmerer, Carsten Griwodz, Ali Cengiz Begen, Thomas Stockhammer, Bernd Girod, Guest Editorial: Adaptive Media Streaming, In IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Communications Society, vol. 32, no. 4, New York, NY, USA, pp. 681-683, 2014.
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[22] | Christian Timmerer, Benjamin Rainer, The Social Multimedia Experience, In IEEE Computer, IEEE Computer Society, vol. 47, no. 3, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp. 67-69, 2014.
[bib] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: Inter-destination multimedia synchronization and quality of experience are critical to the success of social TV, which integrates television viewing with social networking.
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[21] | Christian Timmerer, Ali Cengiz Begen, Over the Top Content Delivery: State of the Art and Challenges Ahead, In Proceedings of the 2014 ACM Multimedia Conference (Kien Hua, Yong Rui, Ralf Steinmetz, Alan Hanjalic, Apostol Natsev, Wenwu Zhu, eds.), ACM, New York, NY, USA, pp. 1231-1232, 2014.
[bib] [doi] [pdf] [slides] [abstract]
Abstract: In this tutorial we present state of the art and challenges ahead in over-the-top content delivery. It particular, the goal of this tutorial is to provide an overview of adaptive media delivery, specifically in the context of HTTP adaptive streaming (HAS) including the recently ratified MPEG-DASH standard. The main focus of the tutorial will be on the common problems in HAS deployments such as client design, QoE optimization, multi-screen and hybrid delivery scenarios, and synchronization issues. For each problem, we will examine proposed solutions along with their pros and cons. In the last part of the tutorial, we will look into the open issues and review the work-in-progress and future research directions.
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[20] | Christian Timmerer, Markus Waltl, Benjamin Rainer, Niall Murray, Sensory Experience: Quality of Experience Beyond Audio-Visual, Chapter in Quality of Experience: Advanced Concepts, Applications and Methods (Sebastian Möller, Alexander Raake, eds.), Springer, Heidelberg, pp. 351-365, 2014.
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Abstract: This chapter introduces the concept of Sensory Experience which aims to define the Quality of Experience (QoE) going beyond audio-visual content. In particular, we show how to utilize sensory effects such as ambient light, scent, wind, or vibration as additional dimensions contributing to the quality of the user experience. Therefore, we utilize a standardized representation format for sensory effects that are attached to traditional multimedia resources such as audio, video, and image contents. Sensory effects are rendered on special devices (e.g., fans, lights, motion chair, scent emitter) in synchronization with the traditional multimedia resources and shall stimulate also other senses than hearing and seeing with the intention to increase the Quality of Experience (QoE), in this context referred to as Sensory Experience.
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[19] | Christian Timmerer, MPEG Column: 107th MPEG Meeting, In ACM SIGMultimedia Records, ACM, vol. 6, no. 1, New York, NY, USA, pp. 1-2, 2014.
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[18] | Christian Timmerer, Markus Waltl, Benjamin Rainer, Stefan Lederer, Hermann Hellwagner, Enhancing 3D Video to enable a Fully Immersive Sensory Experiences, In IEEE Multimedia Communications Technical Committee E-Letter, IEEE Communications Society [online], vol. 9, no. 1, New York, NY, USA, pp. 23-26, 2014.
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[17] | Christian Timmerer, Christopher Mueller, Stefan Lederer, Adaptive Media Streaming over Emerging Protocols, In 2014 NAB Broadcast Engineering Conference Proceedings & CD (not available, ed.), National Association of Broadcasters (NAB), Washington DC, USA, pp. 4, 2014.
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Abstract: The emerging MPEG standard Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (MPEG-DASH) is designed for media delivery over the top of existing infrastructures and enables smooth multimedia streaming towards heterogeneous devices including both wired and wireless environments. The MPEG-DASH standard was designed to work with HTTP-URLs but mandates neither the actual version nor which underlying protocols to be used. This paper will provide a detailed introduction into emerging protocols (HTTP/2.0 and beyond) to be used in the context of adaptive media streaming, specifically DASH.
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[16] | Stefan Rass, Benjamin Rainer, Vavti Matthias, Johannes Göllner, Andreas Peer, Stefan Schauer, Secure Communication over Software-Defined Networks, In International Conference on Software-Defined and Virtualized Future Wireless Networks (A n, ed.), Springer, R, I, pp. 0-0, 2014.
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[15] | Benjamin Rainer, Christian Timmerer, A Subjective Evaluation using Crowdsourcing of Adaptive Media Playout utilizing Audio-Visual Content Features, In In Proceedings of the IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium (IEEE NOMS 2014) (Hanan Lutfiyya, Piotr Cholda, eds.), IEEE, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp. 0-0, 2014.
[bib][url] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: Synchronizing multimedia playback among geographically distributed clients is a challenging task and is referred to as Inter-Destination Media Synchronization (IDMS). In this paper we discuss the uses cases of IDMS as identified within the SocialSensor Project and based on these use cases we derive a novel Adaptive Media Playout (AMP) scheme which aims on carrying out the process of synchronizing the media playback at the clients to a given synchronization point. We propose how visual and acoustic features can be used to achieve a QoE-aware and context-aware AMP scheme.
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[14] | Matthais Klusch, Patrick Kapahnke, Xiaoqi Cao, Benjamin Rainer, Christian Timmerer, Stefan Mangold, MyMedia: Mobile Semantic Peer-to-Peer Video Search and Live Streaming, In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems: Computing, Networking and Services (Moustafa Youssef, ed.), ACM, New York, NY, USA, pp. 10, 2014.
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Abstract: Mobile peer-to-peer (P2P) computing with applications such as for video on demand, file sharing, and video conferencing is gaining momentum based on new standards and technologies such as IETF PPSP, WiFi-Direct and BitTorrent live streaming. In this paper, we describe the mobile system MyMedia, that allows users to search, share and experience videos and live recordings using P2P and at the best quality possible with respect to available network capacity. In particular, the MyMedia system features a high-precision semantic P2P search and dynamic network-adaptive P2P live streaming of MPEG videos over HTTP based on the ISO/IEC standard MPEG-DASH from mobile to mobile devices in unstructured wireless P2P networks. These features have been integrated in the mobile application TIFF EventLive of the 54th Thessaloniki international film festival. The evaluation of their performance and device energy consumption, and a first user evaluation at the festival showed that the MyMedia system is suitable and accepted by users for its purpose in practice. The MyMedia system is available as open-source software for the Android operating system.
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[13] | Benjamin Rainer, Christian Timmerer, A Generic Utility Model Representing the Quality of Sensory Experience, In ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMM) (Ralf Steinmetz, Gheorghita Ghinea, Christian Timmerer, Weisi Lin, Stephen Gulliver, Zheng-Jun Zha, Lei Zhang, Max Mühlhäuser, Alan Smeaton, eds.), ACM, New York, NY, USA, pp. 14:1-14:17, 2014.
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[12] | Benjamin Rainer, Christian Timmerer, Self-Organized Inter-Destination Multimedia Synchronization For Adaptive Media Streaming, In Proceedings of the 22st ACM International Conference on Multimedia (ACM, ed.), ACM, New York, NY, USA, pp. 10, 2014.
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Abstract: Social networks have become pervasive and have changed the way of social interaction. The traditional TV experience drifts from an event tied to a certain place with the family or friends to a location-independent and distributed social experience. Additionally, more and more video on-demand services adopt a pull-based streaming approach. In order to provide a synchronized and distributed TV experience we introduce a self-organized Inter-Destination Multimedia Synchronization (IDMS) framework for adaptive media streaming. In particular, we extend the principles of IDMS to adaptive media streaming over HTTP (i.e., MPEG-DASH) and enable a synchronized multimedia playback among geographically distributed clients. Therefore, we introduce session management to MPEG-DASH and for negotiating on a reference playback timestamp among the participating peers in an IDMS session we propose a distributed control scheme. We evaluate our proposed scheme with respect to scalability and time required for negotiating on the reference playback timestamp. Furthermore, we investigate how to compensate the identified asynchronism by using adaptive media playout with respect to the Quality of Experience (QoE). Therefore, we define a temporal distortion measure for audio and video which allows us to model the impact of playback rate variations on the QoE. This measure is evaluated by conducting a subjective quality assessment using crowdsourcing.
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[11] | Benjamin Rainer, Christian Timmerer, Quality of Experience of Web-based Adaptive HTTP Streaming Clients in Real-World Environments using Crowdsourcing, In First International Workshop on VideoNext: Design, Quality and Deployment of Adaptive Video Streaming (N N, ed.), ACM, Australia, Sydney, pp. 1-6, 2014.
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[10] | Benjamin Rainer, Christian Timmerer, A Quality of Experience Model for Adaptive Media Playout, In Sixth International Workshop on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX 2014) (Stefan Winkler, ed.), IEEE, Singapore, Singapore, pp. 1-4, 2014.
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Abstract: In the past decade Adaptive Media Playout (AMP) has been intensively studied with respect to the detection of when to increase or decrease the playback rate in order to maintain a certain buffer fill state. In this paper we subjectively assess the QoE of AMP with respect to non-periodically and randomly selected content sections of a video sequence by us- ing crowdsourcing. Furthermore, we introduce features that allow to quantify the distortion for audio and video that are caused by increasing or decreasing the playback rate. With these preliminaries we study the correlation between the introduced features and the subjectively assessed QoE. Therefore, we derive a utility model that allows to estimate the QoE with the introduced features. We instantiate and validate the model by the use of the data gathered by the conducted study.
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[9] | Christian Raffelsberger, Hermann Hellwagner, Combined Mobile Ad-Hoc and Delay/Disruption-Tolerant Routing, In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Ad-hoc, Mobile, and Wireless Networks (ADHOC-NOW '14) (Song Guo, Pietro Manzoni, Jaime Lloret, Stefan Ruehrup, eds.), Springer, vol. 8487, Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 1-14, 2014.
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[8] | Daniel Posch, Christian Kreuzberger, Benjamin Rainer, Hermann Hellwagner, Using In-Network Adaptation to Tackle Inefficiencies Caused by DASH in Information-Centric Networks, In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Emerging Networking Experiments and Technologies, VideoNext Workshop (Colin Dixon, ed.), ACM Digital Library, New York, NY, USA, pp. 1-6, 2014.
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Abstract: The consumption of audio-visual content is the most dominant traffic source in today's Internet. Novel architectural approaches, such as Information-Centric Networking (ICN), are developed to support efficient multimedia dissemination. As ICN and MPEG-DASH have several concepts in common, recent proposals consider a fusion of both technologies. However, MPEG-DASH relies on pure client-driven adaptation. This often rather selfish adaptation strategy inhibits benefits gained from ICN's inherent caching and multi-path transmission capabilities. In order to overcome this challenge, the contribution of this work is the integration of in-network adaptation (INA) in ICN. We illustrate that INA can be realized despite ICN's content-based security model. Our proposal rests on scalable content, which enables INA without management and transmission overhead.
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[7] | Daniel Posch, Christian Kreuzberger, Benjamin Rainer, Hermann Hellwagner, Client Starvation: A Shortcoming of Client-driven Adaptive Streaming in Named Data Networking, In Proceedings of the 1st ACM Conference on Information-Centric Networking (Paulo Mendes, ed.), ACM Digital Library, New York, NY, USA, pp. 1-2, 2014. (to appear)
[bib][url] [doi] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: Information-centric Networking (ICN) as a potential Future Internet architecture has to efficiently support the consumption of multimedia content. Recent proposals consider the reuse of MPEG-DASH to provide adaptive streaming in ICN. Due to the fact that MPEG-DASH relies on pure client-driven adaptation, it encounters difficulties dealing with ICN's inherent caching and multi-path transmission. By conducting simulations using the concrete ICN approach Named Data Networking (NDN), we show that pure client-driven adaptation leads to shortcomings. Furthermore, we propose to use in-network adaptation based on scalable content for overcoming these shortcomings in NDN.
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[6] | Amro Al-Akkad, Christian Raffelsberger, Alexander Boden, Leonardo Ramirez, Andreas Zimmermann, Tweeting 'When Online is Off'? Opportunistically Creating Mobile Ad-hoc Networks in Response to Disrupted Infrastructure, In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM '14) (Star Roxanne Hiltz, Mark S Pfaff, Linda Plotnick, Patrick C Shih, eds.), The Pennsylvania State University, USA, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 657-666, 2014.
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[5] | Amro Al-Akkad, Christian Raffelsberger, How do I get this App? A Discourse on Distributing Mobile Applications Despite Disrupted Infrastructure, In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM '14) (Star Roxanne Hiltz, Mark S Pfaff, Linda Plotnick, Patrick C Shih, eds.), The Pennsylvania State University, USA, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA, pp. 560-564, 2014.
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[4] | Tobias Hoßfeld, Christian Keimel, Christian Timmerer, Crowdsourcing Quality-of-Experience Assessments, In Computer, IEEE Computer Society, vol. 47, no. 9, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp. 98-102, 2014.
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Abstract: Crowdsourced quality-of-experience (QoE) assessments are more cost-effective and flexible than traditional in-lab evaluations but require careful test design, innovative incentive mechanisms, and technical expertise to address various implementation challenges.
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[3] | Tobias Hoßfeld, Matthias Hirth, Pavel Korshunov, Philippe Hanhart, Bruno Gardlo, Christian Keimel, Christian Timmerer, Survey of Web-based Crowdsourcing Frameworks for Subjective Quality Assessment, In 2014 IEEE International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP 2014) (Susanto Rahardja, Zhengyou Zhang, Fernando Pereira, Alexander Loui, eds.), IEEE, Piscataway, N.J. 08854, U.S.A., pp. 6, 2014.
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Abstract: The popularity of the crowdsourcing for performing various tasks online increased significantly in the past few years. The low cost and flexibility of crowdsourcing, in particular, attracted researchers in the field of subjective multimedia evalua- tions and Quality of Experience (QoE). Since online assessment of multimedia content is challenging, several dedicated frameworks were created to aid in the designing of the tests, including the support of the testing methodologies like ACR, DCR, and PC, setting up the tasks, training sessions, screening of the subjects, and storage of the resulted data. In this paper, we focus on the web-based frameworks for multimedia quality assessments that support commonly used crowdsourcing platforms such as Amazon Mechanical Turk and Microworkers. We provide a detailed overview of the crowdsourcing frameworks and evaluate them to aid researchers in the field of QoE assessment in the selection of frameworks and crowdsourcing platforms that are adequate for their experiments.
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[2] | Gheorghita Ghinea, Christian Timmerer, Weisi Lin, Stephen Gulliver, Mulsemedia: State of the Art, Perspectives, and Challenges, In ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMM), ACM, vol. 11, no. 1s, New York, NY, USA, pp. 17:1-17:23, 2014.
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Abstract: Mulsemedia—multiple sensorial media—captures a wide variety of research efforts and applications. This article presents a historic perspective on mulsemedia work and reviews current developments in the area. These take place across the traditional multimedia spectrum—from virtual reality applications to computer games—as well as efforts in the arts, gastronomy, and therapy, to mention a few. We also describe standardization efforts, via the MPEG-V standard, and identify future developments and exciting challenges the community needs to overcome.
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[1] | Gheorghita Ghinea, Christian Timmerer, Weisi Lin, Stephen Gulliver, Guest Editorial: Special Issue on Multiple Sensorial (MulSeMedia) Multimodal Media: Advances and Applications, In ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMM), ACM, vol. 11, no. 1s, New York, NY, USA, pp. 9:1-9:2, 2014.
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