[176] | Laszlo Böszörmenyi, Können sich Computer erinnern?, In Zeit erinnern (Peter Antonitsch, Annette Scherbantin, Anneliese Theuermann, Vladimir Wakounig, eds.), Drava Verlag, Klagenfurt, Austria, pp. 205-215, 2009.
[bib][url] |
[175] | Christian Timmerer, Michael Ransburg, Ingo Kofler, Hermann Hellwagner, Pedro Souto, Maria Andrade, Pedro Carvalho, Helder Castro, Mamadou Sidibe, Ahmed Mehaoua, Li Fang, Adam Lindsay, Michael Mackay, Artur Lugmayr, Bernhard Feiten, An Integrated Management Supervisor for End-to-End Management of Heterogeneous Contents, Networks, and Terminals enabling Quality of Service, In Proceedings of the 2nd European Symposium on Mobile Media Delivery (EUMOB) (Tapio Frantti, Jyrki Huusko, eds.), ACM, New York, NY, USA, pp. 6, 2008.
[bib] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: End-to-end support for Quality of Service (QoS) has been broadly discussed in the literature. Many technologies have been proposed, each focusing on specific aspects for providing QoS guarantees to the end user. However, the integrated management of the end-to-end chain preserving QoS in heterogeneous environments is still a significant issue and insufficiently addressed to date. In this paper we propose an integrated management supervisor that takes into account the requirements from all stakeholders along the multimedia content delivery chain and provides an end-to-end management solution enabling QoS to the end user. This architecture and the subsystems that can be distributed along the end-to-end chain are detailed in this paper.
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[174] | Christian Timmerer, Maria Teresa Andrade, Pedro Carvalho, Davide Rogai, Giovanni Cordara, The Semantics of MPEG-21 Digital Items Revisited, In Proceedings of ACM Multimedia 2008 2nd International Workshop on the Many Faces of Multimedia Semantics (Farshad Fotouhi, William I Grosky, Peter Stanchev, eds.), ACM, New York, USA, pp. 17-23, 2008.
[bib] [doi] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: The MPEG-21 standard forms a comprehensive multimedia framework covering the entire multimedia distribution chain. In particular, it provides a flexible approach to represent, process, and transact complex multimedia objects which are referred to as Digital Items (DIs). DIs can be quite generic, independent of the application domain, and can encompass a diversity of media resources and metadata. This flexibility has an impact on the level of interoperability between systems and applications, since not all the functionality needs to be implemented. Furthermore, additional semantic rules may be implemented through the processing of the Digital Item which is possibly driven by proprietary metadata. This jeopardizes interoperability and consequently raises barriers to the successful achievement of augmented and transparent use of multimedia resources. In this context, we have investigated and evaluated the interoperability at the semantic level of Digital Items throughout the automated production, delivery and consumption of complex multimedia resources in heterogeneous environments. This paper describes the studies conducted, the experiments performed, and the conclusions reached towards that goal.
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[173] | Tibor Szkaliczki, Peter Karpati, Laszlo Böszörmenyi, Algorithms for Placement of Storage Components and Videos in Distributed Multimedia Servers, In Communication Systems and Networks 2008 (CP Salvador, ed.), ACTA Press, Calgary, Canada, pp. 43-48, 2008.
[bib][url] [abstract]
Abstract: We plan to setup a VoD service built on an innovative multimedia server architecture which enables dynamic adaptation to the changing circumstances. The adaptation happens by replicating the server components and the stored videos based on real-time host and network monitoring and resource constraint analysis. In addition, the terminal capabilities and client preferences are considered. The paper focuses on the challenge of the optimal placement of storage components and the videos in the network. We compare three implemented optimisation algorithms (so called simple, incremental and complex incremental); the latter one can be calibrated against different preferences. We examine the effect of changing weights of the algorithm onto the recommendation.
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[172] | Markus Strohmaier, Peter Prettenhofer, Mathias Lux, Different Degrees of Explicitness in Intentional Artifacts: Studying User Goals in a Large Search Query Log, In Proceedings of the Workshop on Common Sense Knowledge and Goal-Oriented Interfaces (Andrew Gordon, Catherine Havasi, Mathias Lux, Markus Strohmaier, eds.), http://ceur-ws.org, Aachen, Germany, pp. 10, 2008.
[bib][url] [abstract]
Abstract: On the web, search engines represent a primary instrument through which users exercise their intent. Understanding the specific goals users express in search queries could improve our theoretical knowledge about strategies for search goal formulation and search behavior, and could equip search engine providers with better descriptions of users’ information needs. However, the degree to which goals are explicitly expressed in search queries can be suspected to exhibit considerable variety, which poses a series of challenges for researchers and search engine providers. This paper introduces a novel perspective on analyzing user goals in search query logs by proposing to study different degrees of intentional explicitness. To explore the implications of this perspective, we studied two different degrees of explicitness of user goals in the AOL search query log containing more than 20 million queries. Our results suggest that different degrees of intentional explicitness represent an orthogonal dimension to existing search query categories and that understanding these different degrees is essential for effective search. The overall contribution of this paper is the elaboration of a set of theoretical arguments and empirical evidence that makes a strong case for further studies of different degrees of intentional explicitness in search query logs.
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[171] | Markus Strohmaier, Peter Prettenhofer, Mathias Lux, Different Degrees of Explicitness in Intentional Artifacts, In Workshop on Common Sense Knowledge and Goal-Oriented Interfaces (CSKGOI 08) (Andrew Gordon, Catherine Havasi, Mathias Lux, Markus Strohmaier, eds.), Klagenfurt University, Klagenfurt, Austria, pp. 10, 2008.
[bib] [abstract]
Abstract: On the web, search engines represent a primary instrument through which users exercise their intent. Understanding the specific goals users express in search queries could improve our theoretical knowledge about strategies for search goal formulation and search behavior, and could equip search engine providers with better descriptions of users’ information needs. However, the degree to which goals are explicitly expressed in search queries can be suspected to exhibit considerable variety, which poses a series of challenges for researchers and search engine providers. This paper introduces a novel perspective on analyzing user goals in search query logs by proposing to study different degrees of intentional explicitness. To explore the implications of this perspective, we studied two different degrees of explicitness of user goals in the AOL search query log containing more than 20 million queries. Our results suggest that different degrees of intentional explicitness represent an orthogonal dimension to existing search query categories and that understanding these different degrees is essential for effective search. The overall contribution of this paper is the elaboration of a set of theoretical arguments and empirical evidence that makes a strong case for further studies of different degrees of intentional explicitness in search query logs.
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[170] | Klaus Schoeffmann, Laszlo Böszörmenyi, Fast and Flexible Video Content Browsing based on H.264/AVC Features, In Proceedings of the 18th International Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video (Carsten Griwodz, Lars Wolf, eds.), ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, pp. 115-116, 2008.
[bib][url] [doi] [abstract]
Abstract: We present a video content browsing tool which is supposed to be used for two purposes: (1) efficiently searching a certain scene within a long video sequence and (2) quickly identifying videos out of interest. Instead of a complex user interface with many features we rather use a simple but flexible player-like interface which can, however, support the user on taking advantage of his/her knowledge about the content semantics. The content analysis is based on some simple features which can be extracted from compressed data of H264/AVC and, thus, allow very fast analysis. An early user study has shown encouraging results.
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[169] | Klaus Schoeffmann, Laszlo Böszörmenyi, Fast Segmentation of H.264/AVC Bitstreams for On-Demand Video Summarization, In Advances in Multimedia Modeling (Shin’ichi Satoh, Frank Nack, Minoru Etoh, eds.), Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp. 265-276, 2008.
[bib][url] [abstract]
Abstract: Video summarization methods need fast segmentation of a video into smaller units as a first step, especially if used in an on-demand fashion. We propose an efficient segmentation algorithm for H.264/AVC bitstreams that is able to segment a video in appr. 10% of the time required to decode the video. This is possible because our approach uses features available after entropy-decoding (which is the very first stage of the decoding process) only. More precisely, we use a combination of two features, especially appropriate to H.264/AVC, with different characteristics in order to decide if a new segment starts or not: (1) L1-Distance based partition histograms and (2) ratio of intra-coded macroblocks on a per-frame basis. Our results show that this approach performs well and works for several different encoders used in practice today.
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[168] | Michael Ransburg, Hubert Gressl, Hermann Hellwagner, Efficient Transformation of MPEG-21 Metadata for Codec-agnostic Adaptation in Real-time Streaming Scenarios, In 2008 Ninth International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services (Hermann Hellwagner, Christian Timmerer, eds.), IEEE, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp. 143-146, 2008.
[bib][url] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: Scalable media contents, such as the new MPEG-4 Scalable Video Codec enable to easily retrieve different qualities of the media content by simply disregarding certain media segments. The MPEG-21-based codec-agnostic adaptation approach supports this concept by introducing an XMLbased Bitstream Syntax Description (BSD) which describes the different segments of a media content. Based on this BSD, an adaptation node can intelligently adapt any scalable media (i.e., remove specific media segments) without the need for codec-specific knowledge. The adaptation approach consists of 1) transforming this BSD and 2) adapting the media based on the transformed BSD. In this paper, we focus on the BSD transformation step and evaluate different mechanisms w.r.t. their transformation efficiency given several application scenarios. In particular, we compare the traditional stylesheet-based mechanisms with a novel mechanism based on regular expressions. We discuss both mechanisms in terms of their expressiveness, and propose how to actually employ regular expressions for codec-agnostic adaptation. Finally, we quantitatively evaluate these mechanisms in different adaptation scenarios, which vary in the size and number of required BSD units
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[167] | Michael Ransburg, Christian Timmerer, Hermann Hellwagner, Dynamic and Distributed Multimedia Content Adaptation based on the MPEG-21 Multimedia Framework, In Multimedia Semantics: The role of Metadata (Mathias Lux, Michael Granitzer, Marc Spaniol, eds.), Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp. 3-24, 2008.
[bib] [doi] [abstract]
Abstract: Today, there are many technologies in place to establish an infrastructure for the delivery and consumption of multimedia content. In practice, however, several elements of such an infrastructure are often stand-alone systems and a big picture of how these elements relate to each other or even fit together is not available. Therefore, MPEG-21 aims to provide an open framework for interoperable multimedia delivery and consumption. This requirement for interoperability results in a great diversity of XML-based metadata, which describes the media data on semantic or syntactic levels, in order to make it more accessible to the user. This metadata can be of considerable size, which leads to problems in streaming scenarios. Other than media data, XML metadata has no concept of samples, thus inhibiting streamed (and timed) processing, which is natural for media data. In order to address the challenges and requirements resulting from this situation, the concept of streaming instructions is introduced. These streaming instructions facilitate the fragmentation of content-related metadata, the association of media and metadata fragments with each other, and the synchronized streaming and processing of those fragments. Based on these capabilities, a dynamic and distributed multimedia content adaptation framework can be built.
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[166] | Markus Quaritsch, Emil Stojanovski, Christian Bettstetter, Gerhard Friedrich, Hermann Hellwagner, Bernhard Rinner, Michael Hofbaur, Mubarak Shah, Collaborative Microdrones: Applications and Research Challenges, In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Communication Systems (ACM, ed.), ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, pp. 7, 2008.
[bib][url] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: Microdrones are small-scale unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) carrying payloads such as cameras and sensors. Such microdrones enable us to obtain a bird's eye view of the environment which is helpful in many applications such as environmental monitoring, surveillance or disaster management. This position paper reports on our recently launched project \collaborative microdrones" where we are developing a system for aerial imaging based on cooperating, wireless networked microdrones that can be used in disaster management applications. Several microdrones will y in formation over the area of interest and deliver sensor data which is fused, analyzed and delivered to the user in real-time. In this paper we brie y discuss applications for UAVs, present related projects, introduce our research focus and report on preliminary results.
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[165] | Martin Prangl, Ingo Kofler, Hermann Hellwagner, Towards QoS Improvements of TCP-based Media Delivery, In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Networking and Services (ICNS) (Jun Bi, Kim Chin, Cosmin Dini, Leo Lehmann, David C Pheanis, eds.), IEEE, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp. 188-193, 2008.
[bib] [doi] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: The amount of audiovisual data available on the Internet and thus of multimedia communication over today's networks is increasing at a rapid pace. Despite the availability of specific media transport protocols like RTP, most content providers make use of the well-established and reliable TCP protocol to deliver audiovisual content over the Internet. The reason is that TCP-based data delivery in general is much less complicated for the clients to be served and over today's networks traversed (including proxies and firewalls), than making use of UDP-based RTP connections. However, in case of network bandwidth fluctuations and packet losses, TCP-based media delivery may lead to annoying jerky playback at the client side, due to retransmissions and late arrival of media data. This papers deals with TCP-based perceptual QoS improvement mechanisms for increasing the media experience for the consumer under unstable network conditions. Our approach is based on media content adaptation (transcoding) to fit the actual network bandwidth continuously monitored by the sender. The proposed mechanisms are applied at the application level at the server side, leaving the existing TCP implementation untouched and therefore enabling transparent use of existing media players. An evaluation of a realistic use case is presented which underlines the efficency of our approach.
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[164] | Martin Prangl, Ingo Kofler, Hermann Hellwagner, An MPEG-21-driven Utility-based Multimedia Adaptation Decision Taking Web Service, In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Ambient Media and Systems (Ambi-sys) (Roger M Whitaker, Ben Liang, eds.), ICST, Brussels, Belgium, pp. 8, 2008.
[bib] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: Supporting transparent delivery and convenient use of multimedia content across a wide range of networks and devices is still a challenging task within the multimedia research community; Universal Multimedia Access (UMA) is a vision that has been pursued for quite some time. In multimedia frameworks, content adaptation is the core concept to make progress toward this goal. Most media adaptation engines targeting UMA scale the content w.r.t. terminal capabilities and network resource constraints and do not sufficiently consider end user preferences or even the utility of the adapted content for the user. Based on our previous work and the support of the MPEG-21 framework, we present a transparent solution to provide a content utility-aware adaptation decision for such utility-unaware multimedia frameworks. The idea is to outsource the challenging utility-aware adaptation decision taking task, which takes many factors into consideration and leads to a complex optimization problem. A realistic use case is adopted to show how related external multimedia frameworks can easily integrate and use our proposed adaptation decision taking Web Service.
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[163] | Oge Marques, Mathias Lux, An exploratory study on joint analysis of visual classification in narrow domains and the discriminative power of tags, In Proceeding of the 2nd ACM workshop on Multimedia semantics (Farshad Fotouhi, William Grosky, Peter Stanchev, eds.), ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, pp. 40-47, 2008.
[bib][url] |
[162] | Michael Mackay, David Hutchison, Michael Ransburg, Hermann Hellwagner, Combined Adaptation and Caching of MPEG-4 SVC in Streaming Scenarios, In 2008 Ninth International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services (Hermann Hellwagner, Christian Timmerer, eds.), IEEE, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp. 101-104, 2008.
[bib][url] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: A key objective of the ENTHRONE II Project is the ability to optimise the delivery of multimedia content to a wide group of heterogeneous users. One example of this is in the cooperative deployment of adaptation and caching functionality in the edge network. This hybrid approach makes it possible not only to store content locally, thus minimising the cost incurred through subsequent requests, but also to better serve heterogeneous groups of users by dynamically adapting the content to suit a wide range of terminal devices. In this paper, we describe and evaluate how the cooperative deployment of MPEG-21-based adaptation and caching of MPEG-4 SVC can result in improvements both in the quality of the content received at the user terminal and the resources consumed during the delivery
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[161] | Mathias Lux, Gisela Granitzer, Günter Beham, User-Centered Multimedia Retrieval Evaluation based on Empirical Research, In Multimedia Semantics. The Role of Metadata (Mathias Lux, Marc Spaniol, eds.), Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp. 175-194, 2008.
[bib][url] |
[160] | Mathias Lux, Oge Marques, Arthur Pitman, Using Visual Features to Improve Tag Suggesions in Image Sharing Sites, In Proceedings of the I-KNOW´08 and I-MEDIA´08 (Klaus Tochtermann, Hermann Maurer, eds.), TU Graz & Know Center, Graz, Austria, pp. 425-429, 2008.
[bib][url] |
[159] | Mathias Lux, Revisiting the Vector Retrieval Model in Context of the MPEG-7 Semantic Description Scheme, In 2008 Ninth International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services (Hermann Hellwagner, Christian Timmerer, eds.), IEEE, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp. 134-138, 2008.
[bib][url] |
[158] | Mathias Lux, Christian Russ, A Model of Self-Organized Criticality in Emergent Web Systems, In Information Systems and e-Business Technologies, 2nd International United Information Systems Conference (Roland Kaschek, Christian Kop, Claudia Steinberger, Günther Fliedl, eds.), Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp. 496-507, 2008.
[bib][url] [abstract]
Abstract: Self-organized criticality (SOC) is a measure to identify if complex systems have the potential to build out emergent behavior. This phenomenon is known in many different areas of physics, biology, ecology, economy and social systems. Its core assertion is that an over critical energy input can lead to spontaneous, self-enforcing and unpredictable self-organization. In such a process new structures and orders emerge. “Online Crowds” are masses of internet users who behave and act collectively on the web. They tend to follow specific online trends and can generate tremendous online traffic and attention (cp. Social software like YouTube.com, MySpace.com, Friendster.com, etc.). “Online Crowds” are observed rarely, are hard to predict and even harder to generate artificially. So it is essential for online business ideas to foster and facilitate these “Online Crowds” to reach a critical mass of online users to grow continuously and to produce profit. The paper in hand introduces the “Online Crowds” model (OCM) in context of web information systems employing the concepts of self organization theory and self organization criticality. Furthermore a statistical approach for detection of indicators of self organized criticality is presented along with experiments and preliminary results showing the applicability of the approach.
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[157] | Fernando López, Dietmar Jannach, José M Martínez, Christian Timmerer, Hermann Hellwagner, Narciso García, Multimedia Adaptation Decisions Modelled as Non-deterministic Operations, In 2008 Ninth International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services (Hermann Hellwagner, Christian Timmerer, eds.), IEEE, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp. 46-49, 2008.
[bib][url] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: This paper describes how a multimedia adaptation framework can automatically decide the sequence of operations to be executed in order to adapt an MPEG-21 Digital Item to the MPEG-21 description of the usage environment in which it will be consumed. The main innovation of this work with respect to previous multimedia adaptation decision models is that in the proposed approach decisions can be made without knowing the exact behaviour of the operations that are going to be executed.
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[156] | Janine Lachner, Hermann Hellwagner, Information and Communication Systems for Mobile Emergency Response, In Information Systems and e-Business Technologies (Proc. 2nd International United Information Systems Conference, UNISCON 2008 (Roland Kaschek, Christian Kop, Claudia Steinberger, Günther Fliedl, eds.), Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp. 213-224, 2008.
[bib] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: This discussion paper attempts to propose emergency response and disaster management as worthwhile areas of applied research for the informa-tion system community. The typical requirements, entities and activities in-volved in specifically mobile emergency response operations are summarized. Recent research contributions in this area are exemplarily reviewed in order to give a deeper insight into the role and use of mobile information and communi-cation systems. Finally, the major challenges and research needs regarding in-formation systems are summarized, with a view to draw the attention of infor-mation systems researchers to this interesting and important field.
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[155] | Ingo Kofler, Martin Prangl, Robert Kuschnig, Hermann Hellwagner, An H.264/SVC-based Adaptation Proxy on a WiFi Router, In Proceedings of the 18th International Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video (NOSSDAV) (Lars Wolf, Carsten Griwodz, eds.), ACM, New York, NY, USA, pp. 63-68, 2008.
[bib] [doi] [pdf] [abstract]
Abstract: Recent advances in video coding technology like the scalable extension of the MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 video coding standard pave the way for computationally cheap adaptation of video content. In this paper we present our work on a lightweight RTSP/RTP proxy that enables in-network stream processing. Based on an off-the-shelf wireless router that runs a Linux-based firmware we demonstrate that the video adaptation can be performed on-the-fly directly on a network device. The paper covers design and implementation details of the proxy as well as a discussion about the actual adaptation of the SVC stream. Based on experimental evaluations we show that our approach can handle a reasonable number of concurrent sessions for a typical home deployment scenario. Furthermore, the paper covers possible applications in which adaptation on the network device can be beneficial.
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[154] | Julius Köpke, Roland Tusch, Hermann Hellwagner, Laszlo Böszörmenyi, Context-aware hoarding of Multimedia Content in a large-scale Tour Guide Scenario, In Proceedings of the International Conference on Signal Processing and Multimedia Applications (Pedro Assunção, Sérgio Faria, eds.), INSTICC Press, Setubal, pp. 15-23, 2008.
[bib][url] |
[153] | Peter Karpati, Tibor Szkaliczki, Laszlo Böszörmenyi, Modeling and Simulation of the Performance of Distributed Video Services, In 13th International Telecommunications Network Strategy and Planning Symposium (G Sallai, ed.), IEEE, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp. 10, 2008.
[bib][url] |
[152] | Peter Karpati, Tibor Szkaliczki, Laszlo Böszörmenyi, Comparing Static and Self-Organizing Behaviours for VoD Servers, In Internet and Multimedia Systems and Applications 2008 (M Mandal, ed.), ACTA Press, Calgary, Canada, pp. 44-49, 2008.
[bib][url] |